ANALISIS DAMPAK SOSIAL EKONOMI PEMBANGUNAN BREAKWATER PADA KOMUNITAS PESISIR DI PELABUHAN PERIKANAN BEBA, TAKALAR, SULAWESI SELATAN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33096/skhe3g63Kata Kunci:
breakwater, Sosial-ekonomi, Masyarakat Pesisir, PPI BebaAbstrak
Pembangunan breakwater di wilayah pesisir penting untuk meningkatkan stabilitas pelabuhan dan keselamatan aktivitas perikanan, namun fase konstruksinya sering menimbulkan tekanan sosial-ekonomi bagi masyarakat yang bergantung pada pelabuhan. Penelitian ini menganalisis dampak pembangunan breakwater di Pelabuhan Perikanan Beba, Kabupaten Takalar, dengan fokus pada perubahan pendapatan nelayan, dinamika ekonomi lokal, serta gangguan sosial selama konstruksi. Pendekatan mixed-methods digunakan melalui survei terhadap 40 responden yang meliputi nelayan, pedagang ikan, pelaku UMKM, dan masyarakat sekitar, disertai wawancara mendalam dan observasi berbasis Participatory Action Research. Uji Chi-square digunakan untuk menilai hubungan antara karakteristik demografis dan tingkat dampak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendapatan nelayan menurun 11% selama pembangunan akibat gangguan operasional pelabuhan, tetapi meningkat 6% setelah breakwater berfungsi optimal. Dampak ekonomi negatif lebih dominan pada nelayan dan pedagang ikan (χ² = 8.0; p < 0.05). Dari aspek sosial, masyarakat merasakan konflik, polusi, dan ketidaknyamanan lingkungan, terutama di area yang dilalui alat berat. Analisis inferensial menunjukkan hubungan signifikan antara usia (χ² = 11.73; p < 0.01) dan pendidikan (χ² = 8.10; p < 0.05) dengan pengalaman konflik, dengan kelompok usia muda dan berpendidikan rendah paling terdampak
Referensi
Andrews, N., Bennett, N. J., Le Billon, P., Green, S. J., Cisneros-Montemayor, A. M., Amongin, S., Gray, N. J., & Sumaila, U. R. (2021). Oil, fisheries and coastal communities: A review of impacts on the environment, livelihoods, space and governance. In Energy Research and Social Science (Vol. 75). Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2021.102009
Batista, C. M., Planas, J. A., Pelot, R., & Núñez, J. R. (2020). A new methodology incorporating public participation within Cuba’s ICZM program. Ocean & Coastal Management, 186, 105101. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2020.105101
Contestabile, P., Di Lauro, E., Buccino, M., & Vicinanza, D. (2017). Economic assessment of Overtopping BReakwater for Energy Conversion (OBREC): A case study in Western Australia. Sustainability (Switzerland), 9(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/su9010051
Dada, O. A., Angnuureng, D. B., Almar, R., Dzantor, S., & Morand, P. (2022). Social perceptions of coastal hazards in the Anlo Beach Community in the Western Region of Ghana. Journal of Coastal Conservation, 2022(63), 4. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11852-022-00909-9ï
Fada, A. T., Mallawa, A., & Musbir. (2022). International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review Projection of Main Facility Needs for the Next 8 Years at Beba Fishing Port, Indonesia. Int.J.Curr.Res.Aca.Rev, 10(06), 40–47. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108765
Fatimah, N., & Dwiningrum, S. I. A. (2023). Is It Possible That Marine Based Infrastructure Development is Resolve Inequality
Development In the Coastal Community? Komunitas, 15(1), 42–52. https://doi.org/10.15294/komunitas.v15i1.28360
Gomes, A., Pinho, J. L. S., Valente, T., do Carmo, J. S. A., & Hegde, A. V. (2020). Performance assessment of a semi-circular breakwater through CFD modelling. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 8(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse8030226
Iswadi, Danial, & Asni, A. (2024). Analisis Kebijakan dan Strategi Peningkatan Operasional Pelabuhan dan Perikanan Untia Makassar. Journal of Indonesian Tropical Fisheries (JOINT-FISH, 7(2), 2655–5883.
Kandrot, S., Hayes, S., & Holloway, P. (2022). Applications of Uncrewed Aerial Vehicles (UAV) Technology to Support Integrated Coastal Zone Management and the UN Sustainable Development.
Goals at the Coast. In Estuaries and Coasts (Vol. 45, Issue 5, pp. 1230–1249). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-021-01001-5
Laignel, B., Vignudelli, S., Almar, R., Becker, M., Bentamy, A., Benveniste, J., Birol, F., Frappart, F., Idier, D., Salameh, E., Passaro, M., Menende, M., Simard, M., Turki, E. I., & Verpoorter, C. (2023). Observation of the Coastal Areas, Estuaries and Deltas from Space. In Surveys in Geophysics (Vol. 44, Issue 5, pp. 1309–1356). Springer Science and Business Media B.V. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-022-09757-6
Le Xuan, T., Vu, H. T. D., Oberle, P., Dang, T. D., Tran Ba, H., & Le Manh, H. (2024) Hydrodynamics and wave transmission through a hollow triangle breakwater. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 302, 108765.
Mamo, L. T., Dwyer, P. G., Coleman, M. A., Dengate, C., & Kelaher, B. P. (2022). Beyond coastal protection: A robust approach to enhance environmental and social outcomes of coastal adaptation. Ocean & Coastal Management, 217, 106007. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2021.106007
Mares-Nasarre, P., van Gent, M. R. A., & Morales-Nápoles, O. (2024). A copula-based model to describe the uncertainty of overtopping variables on mound breakwaters. Coastal Engineering, 189, 104483. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2024.104483
Medina, J. R. (2024). Breakwaters In A Living Environment. CoastLab 2024: Physical Modelling in Coastal Engineering and Science. https://doi.org/10.59490/coastlab.2024.819
Ozturk, D., & Maras, E. E. (2024). Investigation of the effects of small fishing ports on the shoreline: a case study of Samsun, Turkey. Journal of Coastal Conservation, 28(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11852-023-01012-3
Paravath, K., Parth, J., & Nasar, T. (2021). Geomorphologic Impact of Construction of Breakwaters at Ponnani Fishery Harbour in Kerala. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 809(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/809/1/012016
Rahim, A., Malik, A., & Hastuti, D. R. D. (2025). The Response to Fishing Decisions and Changes in Fishing Income during Extreme Weather: A Behavioural Economy Study of Small-Scale Coastal Fisher Households Scientific Journal of Fisheries and Marine. https://doi.org/10.20473/jipk.v17i1.55892
Ramli, M., Danial, & Ihsan. (2021). Analysis of The Multiplayer Effect of The Existence of A Fishing Port on The Economy of Culinary Business At The Beba Fish Landing Base. Kec. North Galesong. Regency. Takalar. Journal of Indonesian Tropical Fisheries ISSN, 2655(1), 4461.
Rashid, R., Chong, F., Islam, S., Bryant, M., & McEachan, R. R. C. (2021). Taking a deep breath: a qualitative study exploring acceptability and perceived unintended consequences of charging clean air zones and air quality improvement initiatives amongst low-income, multi-ethnic communities in Bradford, UK. BMC Public Health, 21(1), 1305. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11337-z
Riksfardini, M., & Asmara, Q. (2023). Wilayah Pesisir Muara Angke Jakarta Utara. Pentahelix: Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 1(2), 217–236.
Sultana, N., & Luetz, J. M. (2022). Adopting the Local Knowledge of Coastal Communities for Climate Change Adaptation: A Case Study From Bangladesh. Frontiers in Climate, 4. https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2022.823296
Ye, F., & Li, Y. (2024). Road Traffic Infrastructure Construction and Air Pollution Based on the Perspective of Spatial Spillover. Sustainability (Switzerland), 16(22). https://doi.org/10.)3390/su16229627.
File Tambahan
Diterbitkan
Terbitan
Bagian
Lisensi
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 M Irham Ilyas
Artikel ini berlisensi Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
